Editor’s Be aware: The usage of the time period “ fundamental earnings ” for the sheme in Janggo Island doesn’t meet the GOOD definition of fundamental earnings, as it’s paid to not all residents however solely to individuals in neighborhood fish farming actions for 20 years, and paid to not the person however to the family.

A discussion board was held on the which means and challenges of the Primary Rural Revenue Social Experiment, which Gyeonggi Province plans to conduct within the second half of this yr. Entitled “The Significance and Challenges of the Neighborhood-Centered Primary Revenue Social Expertise”, the primary Rural Primary Revenue Coverage Discussion board was held on January 29 and featured circumstances and mentioned the fundamental earnings expertise in India, the distribution of shared property in Boryeong, Chungcheongnam-do, and Jeju Island. Hankyoreh Financial and Social Analysis Institute with Gyeonggi-do Agriculture and Fisheries Promotion Company, Korea Primary Revenue Community, Lab 2050, Institute of Authorities Research of the Korea College and the Korea Regional Growth Basis all helped arrange the January occasion. A few of the presenters and debaters participated on-line.

Classes from India’s Primary Revenue Expertise

Sarath Davala, the keynote speaker, is the architect of the Indian Social Expertise on Primary Revenue and Chairman of the Primary Revenue District Community, which leads the dialogue on Primary Revenue world wide. He outlined the implications of the fundamental earnings experiences in India and Namibia.

Namibia and India carried out fundamental earnings experiments – in 2008 and 2011, respectively – by which Namibia paid $ 12 and India paid $ 4 monthly to 2,000 folks for a interval of 12 months. . “Opposite to the expectations of many individuals, the folks on Primary Revenue didn’t get lazy. Begin-ups and financial exercise have elevated, new transportation amenities have been opened, faculty attendance charges have elevated, family debt has declined and different good issues have occurred. In Namibia, alcohol consumption has remained unchanged, ”defined Dr Davala.

Dr Davala additionally launched adjustments in insurance policies because of social experiments on Primary Revenue. “After the social experiment, the native authorities in India began offering money allowances to all farmers proportional to the world of ​​their farmland in 2018, and due to this coverage, the social gathering gained three quarters of the council. native. […] Nonetheless, this system excluded sharecroppers and non-farmers and allowances had been solely paid to landowners in rural areas, and fundamental earnings discussions targeted primarily on the “excluded”. […] The implications of the Indian outcomes for different Primary Revenue experiences are to observe the precept of individuality and keep away from excluding anybody within the space. “

Dr Davala highlighted the position of social experimentation in selling social dialogue past amassing proof. “Up to now, we had not carried out small-scale social experiments earlier than abolishing slavery or gaining ladies’s suffrage. These insurance policies had been primarily based on values, philosophy and human rights. Clearly, the rationale for the impact of the coverage is necessary, however the coverage just isn’t applied with proof alone. In India, political actions occurred after social experiments, and there was intensive scrutiny and public dialogue on what was greatest, ”he stated. One other facet of the social experiment he highlights is that it triggered a dialogue between the general public and the media, specialists and political events to debate fascinating alternate options. “In Korea, there have been experiences with issues like youth dividends in Seongnam metropolis, fundamental earnings for youth in Gyeonggi province, and nationwide catastrophe assist funds amid the disaster. Corona, which has caught the eye of politicians and the general public.

Sea cucumber seeds develop into islanders’ fundamental earnings

The discussion board additionally introduced a case the place a area people shares the advantages generated by a shared asset. Kang Je-yoon, head of the Island’s Analysis Institute, defined how Janggo Island attributes the income from the collected seafood to the islanders. Janggo is a small island with 81 households and 200 inhabitants and commenced allocating income from sea cucumber farms in 1993. In 2019, 11 million gained (about US $ 10,000) was paid yearly to every family as earnings from primarily based. Kang stated, “In contrast to different fisheries, sea cucumbers develop on their very own when locals sow seeds. The residents don’t have anything to do with them till they’re prepared for harvest. Residents of Janggo Island obtain a fundamental earnings from sea cucumber farming, which requires minimal labor, and the identical quantity is allotted as labor earnings by amassing the clams ten occasions in two months. . “For the reason that village neighborhood offers fundamental earnings and labor earnings value a complete of 20 million gained per yr (US $ 19,000), residents of Janggo Island earn an equal and steady earnings, not like residents of different islands, the place giant earnings gaps exist between these within the aquaculture trade. and those that are usually not.

Nonetheless, Janggo Island additionally went by a sluggish and painful course of earlier than residents obtained a relentless dividend. Initially, the fishing village fraternity rented fishing areas round Janggo Island to fish farmers, who paid lease to the village society. Director Kang stated, “It’s unlawful to lease out fishing grounds, which nobody owns, and moreover that, the lease was 500,000 gained a yr, which was a ridiculously low value for 1983. In 1983. , the brand new village chief persuaded the inhabitants. to get well the fishing grounds, after which they managed the income from the fishing grounds (now owned by the village) for ten years, and granted loans. After a lot controversy, the dividend started in 1993, and residents’ complaints about the advantages of the fishing grounds subsided, and the neighborhood’s widespread curiosity within the fishing grounds improved the standard of administration. A good distribution system supported the administration of shared property.

Kim Ja-kyung, College Analysis Professor at Jeju Nationwide College, who introduced the potential for fundamental earnings by asset sharing on Jeju Island, stated, “Jeju Island has a practice of revenue distribution by neighborhood exploitation of pastures and fisheries. For instance, a village collects spindle-shaped algae and agar collectively and distributes them to individuals whereas permitting people to maintain the collected algae for themselves. 100 and one fishing village fraternities had their very own customs and order. “

Lately, wind and wind energy era has gained extra consideration as a brand new shared asset in Jeju. Professor Kim gave the instance of a wind farm in Haengwon-ri, Gujwa-eup, in japanese Jeju Island. “Six villages in Haengwon-ri obtain a part of their income from wind energy era and put aside the funds. […] There’s at all times a chance of battle and disagreement within the village, which prevents some folks from arbitrarily exercising their decision-making energy. There’s nonetheless work to be achieved to develop a system to pretty distribute the brand new advantages of shared property.

Considering the impression of the distribution system on residents

Lee Chang-han, director of the Korea Regional Growth Basis, which designed the social experiment of fundamental earnings in rural areas of Gyeonggi province, stated the primary function of the experiment was to look at f the impression of fundamental earnings on the area people. “Due to the title ‘fundamental rural earnings’, many individuals do not know if it solely advantages farmers. Nonetheless, farmers in rural areas of Gyeonggi-do province make up solely about 16% of the full inhabitants. It’s essential to know the way farmers and non-farmers work together in the identical residing area in these rural areas. Like Janggo Island, we’ll observe the impression of the distribution system on resident communities. “

Park Kyung-chul, a researcher on the Chungnam Analysis Institute, stated, “Since 2019, numerous native governments have launched allowances to farmers and there was a dialogue in regards to the fundamental earnings of farmers. […] Nonetheless, since non-farmers are additionally, immediately and not directly, concerned in agricultural actions in rural areas and collectively type native communities, increasing the scope of funds to all rural dwellers is the idea. fundamental earnings. “

Lee Ji-eun, CEO of Primary Revenue New Analysis Community, stated, “The social expertise of fundamental earnings in rural areas might be reassessed when it comes to local weather justice.” She added: “We hope that this expertise will result in discussions on the rediscovery of ‘commons’ (shared property), the invention of small sustainable financial fashions and the revitalization of ecological feminism, reflecting the individuality of rural areas.

Lee Received-jae, CEO of Lab2050, who led the dialogue, stated, “I feel the social expertise of fundamental earnings in Gyeonggi province has a novel standing, as does the expertise of fundamental earnings in Gyeonggi Province. Finland… the place the Prime Minister in energy carried out a political experiment. In Korea, the experiment unfolds as fundamental earnings turns into a central political concern. Because of this it’s an atmosphere by which the general politics of the nation will observe the outcomes of the social experiment.

For extra info, see the Gyeonggi Rural Primary Revenue Social Experiment weblog web page: https://gg-rbip.medium.com/

Written by Yoon Hyung-joong, Coverage Committee Member of Hankyoreh Financial and Society Analysis Institute, [email protected]
Translated by Eunjae Shin, analysis fellow at Hakyoreh Financial and Society Analysis Institute, [email protected] Reviewed by Toru Yamamori, BIEN Tutorial Analysis Editor

Picture: Credit score: Janggo Island, South Korea, is experimenting with sharing the dividends of sea cucumber farms with its residents. Offered by Kang Je-yoon.